The fight against Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes is an urgent necessity for the sheep’s productivity improvement in Burkina Faso. The anthelmintic activity of S. hermonthica’s whole plant powder was evaluated on Mossi sheep artificially infested with H. contortus L3 larvae. The experiment lasted 21 days with 2 phases of 4 days of treatment separated by 6 days in station. Two (2) treated lots of 6 sheep each received respectively 17g/kg of body weight and 10g/kg of body weight while two (2) control lots of 6 sheep each, one negative without treatment and one positive treated with levamisole 1/2 bolus for 25 kg were constituted. The faecal egg count (FEC) reduction rate was high during treatment and reached 84.49% for the 17g/kg body weight dose and 83.69% for the 10g/kg body weight dose at D21. Statistical analysis shows no significant difference between the two doses tested and between the two doses and the positive control, whereas the difference is significant (P<0.05) with the negative control. The mean hematocrit level ranged from 24 at D0 to 30.5 at D21 for the 17g/kg body weight treatment and from 25.83 at D0 to 31 at D21 for the 10g/kg body weight dose. The average daily gain (ADG) of the treated lots was not significant compared to the negative control (P>0.05).

Background: The environmental pollution is a growing world problem specifically in developed & developing countries. In these areas G.I.T disorders & diarrheal diseases have replaced by airborne environmental disorders.Methods: Literatures was reviewed on the subject to find out the knowledge regarding Environmental threats of air pollution & its effects on the health of human body. Data and details have been located, selected, extracted and synthesized from different national & international Journals, websites, Proceedings, books, google scholar etc.Result & Conclusion: Changes are taking place in air regularly. Different pollutants are being created from different sources. Indoor air pollution is common among underdeveloped & developing nations. To improve health situation different professional, have to play their roles. Effects of air pollution are sometimes general in nature otherwise may be immediate or delayed. Leading causes of death is cardiovascular diseases like IHD are now being declared as airborne. Emergent airborne diseases are more than 30 like COVID 19 only result in 43.6 lakhs death so far. Toxic & hazardous chemicals are present in air in the form of allergens, neurotoxin, mutagen, carcinogen etc. Air pollutants are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, Benzene, Ozone, Lead, sulphates, SPM etc. Meteorological effects on health are also related with air including season, atmospheric pressure, heat, cold etc. Indoor air pollutants have also specific health effects

Typhoid fever is one of the most common enteric fever in low to middle income countries. In the pediatric population, it is a rare cause of acalculous cholecystitis in which one of the dreaded complication is gall bladder perforation. This was a case of a 15-year-old male with 1-month history of intermittent undocumented fever, anorexia and weight loss. The patient presented with signs of pancytopenia and abdominal examination revealed acute abdomen. Patient was optimized and prepared for surgery. Intraoperative findings revealed Type II gall bladder perforation with bile peritonitis, and patient underwent exploratory laparotomy, cholecystectomy, lavage, Jackson-Pratt drain. The sepsis eventually resolved postoperatively, and the patient was discharged. Preoperative diagnosis in patients with gall bladder perforation is often challenging and sophisticated, due to its rarity. However, it should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses in pediatric patients presenting with atypical history of abdominal pain. At present, there are no specific guidelines in the management of complications such as gall bladder perforation in patients with typhoid fever. Therefore, early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention of gall bladder perforation are of prime importance in the successful outcomes of these patients, given the high morbidity and mortality associated with this condition.

Maternal health service had a potentially critical role in the improvement of reproductive health. This descriptive study was carried out in Tangail district, from 1st January to 31st December, 2019 to find out the quality of counselling of services for pregnant women in community clinics during pregnancy period. Data were collected among 289 respondents by face to face interview who had delivered within last 24 months and respondents were selected purposively. The majority (97.6%) of the respondents were housewife and maximum (72%) of the respondent were below SSC in this study monthly family income mean was taka 16124.00± 10065.480. Majority of the respondents (99.2%) had received antenatal check-up from different health care facilities and highest (87.2%) had received from the community clinic other hands (6.0%) pregnant women got antenatal care from non-government hospital among 250 respondents (94.0%) pregnant women received ANC from CHCP also (4%) pregnant women received ANC from HA. Out of 250 pregnant women (70%) of the respondents were problem suffer during pregnancy. Here majority (59.6%) pregnant women were suffer from nausea and vomiting and only (6.3%) were suffering from constipation. Majority (89.2%) of the respondents had preparation about danger sign during pregnancy. Most 245 (98%) of the respondents of pregnant women had information about ANC and most (85.7%) got information from CHCF on other hand ride got information (2.9%) from neighbour. half (4.8%) of the respondents choice of conduct delivery at upazila health complex followed by (48.8%) only choice of conduct clinics. Most (98%) of the respondents had received TT vaccine and maximum (95.1%) of the respondents had completed TT vaccine. Enough skilled manpower for patient care (98.4%). Health care provider perform ANC check-up (96.8%). Health care provider counselling during pregnancy (96.4%) physical examination (98.0%) explanation of health. (99.2%) health care provider give any advice before departure (70.4%). Continue to follow-up health status over phone (99.2%). Service providers in health care shows that 33.3% was BSc/BA, 42.9% of service providers were masters and above their professional training more than one third (38.1%) of the providers has basic training, 47.6% had basic & CSBA and rest 14.3% had ECT and nutritional training. Majority 100% of the provider’s designation had CHCP, number of staff in two health care had more than half (57.1%) providers. Facilities in the community clinic (89.6%) citizen charter displayed, (96.4%) fixed waiting place (84.8%). Among them 100% of modem logistics functioning followed by 94.4%, 88.9%, 94.4% were electricity, laptop, electric fan and 55.6% were available display board. Majority (81%) of the providers no EOC services and most (90.5%) of the providers were provided FP counselling after delivery. Maximum (85.7%) of the providers were vaccination services for women aged between 15-49 years. Facilities meeting quality standards will ultimately receive accreditation, thereby generating greater community demand for their services. Ongoing in-service training and replication of this initiative will ensure sustainability and long-term results.

Background: The main objective of this research is to learn the symptoms that occur in this pathology, since we are currently still fighting COVID-19, because of this, it is important to keep us informed about the different diagnostic methods available, which help us reach an earlier and more effective diagnosis. Various articles have been compiled to identify as soon as possible the active cases and thus reduce the number of infections. Materials and methods: This research was conducted on the basis of scientific articles and books, related to COVID-19. Methods: This research was conducted based on 15 scientific articles and 3 books, related to COVID-19. Results: The most important risk factors are diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity, age and sex. The most common symptoms in Latin America are dry cough, fatigue, sore throat, and fever. The preferred diagnostic test for COVID-19 is the polymerase chain reaction for its specificity and sensitivity Conclusions: As a conclusion, the main objective of the research was achieved, which is to inform the reader about the most relevant symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 in order to improve the identification of suspected cases. Furthermore, we compare various diagnostic methods that exist to date and determine that PCR is the most specific and sensitive.

Its known that Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can be a risky disease, full of complications if its not controlled properly. These complications, along with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be lethal due to suppression of innate and humoral immune functions, the hyperglycemic state increases the virulence of pathogens and reduces the production of interleukin in response to infections, which could result in an aggravation of pneumonia. Elevated blood glucose levels can directly elevate airway glucose concentrations, resulting in a higher viral load and these become more viral load and become riskier, it is also important to highlight the importance of ACE2 pulmonary disease because it causes cellular damage and rapid disease progression. Its because of these mechanisms that DM is related to obesity, coagulopathies, thrombotic events, diabetic ketoacidosis, among others. It is necessary to have proper control of both diseases to improve the patients quality of life and avoid a poor prognosis. It is necessary to have proper control of both diseases to improve life quality and avoid a poor prognosis. The patient can rely on good nutritional education, diet, exercise, and adequate glucose to keep control of the disease.

Background: The inventory management of medical store is needed to protect medicine from damage, loss, theft or wastage and to ensure the availability of necessary medicine for saving patients life in a hospital. Materials and Method: A cross sectional study that carried out in Dhaka Dental College Hospital from January to December 2019. The respondents were all the workers working in the medicine store, from them data were collected through face to face interview by a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and observational checklist. Result: About 85.71% respondents said drugs were purchased from Essential Drug Co. Ltd and 14.28% respondents said drugs purchased from Central Medicine Store Depot. All the respondents of medicine store mentioned about maintaining receipts and vouchers during drug purchasing. Also all respondents mentioned about presence of medicine receiving authority after delivery and confirmed expiry date checked during receiving medicine. About 87.71% respondents said record keeping methods were mainly manual in medicine store. Medicine store was well ventilated, air conditioner and refrigerator was present. But there was no humidity and pest control facility seen in medicine store. Inventory analysis was found to be done only by ABC method. Conclusion: Depending on the opinion for challenges of management practice, there was lack of training; insufficient staff and less invest on modern technologies got priority. The study recommends ensuring implementation of modern technologies and 5S concept and arrangement of training program for the inventory personnel to increase their efficiency and improve quality service.

Distal radial fracture is the most common fracture of upper extremity in all age group. In recent years, fixation with distal radial locking plate and external fixator both have become widely accepted modalities for treating unstable distal radial fracture. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome of unstable distal radial fracture (AO/OTA 2.3B2 to C3) treated by internal and external fixations. Sample size was60 with (AO/ OTA 2.3-B2 to C3) fracture as per set criteria and was treated either by distal radial locking plate or by external fixator. Quick DASH Score was used for evaluation of functional outcome of surgery. Out of 60 patients, male (75%) were more than female (25%), maximum age incidence was found in 46-55 years age group (31.7%), right side involvement was 68.3% and left side was 31.7%. Over 66% incidence was due to RTA. Type of injury was 11.7% B2, 18.3% B3, 43.3% C1, 20.0% C2 and 6.7% C3. External fixation was 58.3% and internal fixation was 41.7%. Mean ± SD duration of operation was 39.14 ± 7.017 minutes in external fixation group and 92.80 ± 21.703 minutes in internal fixation group. Functional outcome was75.9% good and 17.2% excellent in external fixation group and 52.2% good and 34.8% excellent in fixation with distal radial locking plate group according to Quick DASH Score. Postoperative complication like soft tissue infection 34.3% and delayed union 25.7% and wrist stiffness 74.3% was in external fixation group and in internal fixation group, patients had suffered from soft tissue infection 32% and wrist stiffness 56%. No patient had non-union. Mean ± SD radiological union time in external fixation group was 16.53 ± 5.386 weeks and in internal fixation group was 16.67 ± 5.264 weeks. After 12 months of surgery both external fixation and locked volar plating provide good to excellent clinical outcomes.

Schwannoma or benign tumor of the myelin sheath which are rare and can be functioning or non-functioning that are difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Visceral schwannoma in the adrenal region is extremelyrare, accounting for only 0.7% of the adrenal tumors. Here we report such a rare case of Adrenal schwanomma in 40 years old female patient with hypothyroidism.

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Every year, millions of Muslims fast during the Ramadan month. The objective of the study was to compare anthropometric measures, dietary intake, and lifestyle factors of Indonesian Muslim young adults during regular days and during Ramadan fasting. The total sample sizes of this study were 49 subjects filled out anthropometric and lifestyles questionnaires before and after Ramadan, and 39 subjects provided 2-day dietary records during regular days and during Ramadan. Before Ramadan, the body weight and BMI were 55±10.8 kg and 22±3 kg/m2, respectively. After Ramadan, the body weight and BMI were 55±11 kg and 22±3 kg/m2, respectively. The differences between the subjects’ body weight as well as their BMI reported before and after Ramadan were significant (n=49; p=0.008; and p=0.012, respectively). Energy, protein, fat, n-6 PUFA, and phosphorus reduced significantly from regular to Ramadan days (n=39; 1688±434 kcal to 1521±364 kcal, p=0.004; 65±21 g to 55±16 g, p=0.001; 62±21 g to 49±17 g, p<0.0001; 14±7 g to 9±4 g, p<0.0001; 839±234 mg to 736±216 mg, p=0.005, respectively). Of the lifestyles, exercise durations and daily food expenses in daily decreased significantly (n=49; 27±27 min to 16±19 min, p=0.002; 435956±27645 IDR to 36549±29937 IDR, p=0.02, respectively). The frequency of exercise significantly changed during Ramadan (n=49, p=0.002). The body weight, BMI; intake of energy, protein, fat, n-6 PUFA, phosphorus; lifestyles of food expenses, exercise durations, and frequency of exercise of young adult Indonesian Muslims decreased significantly during Ramadan fasting when compared those in regular days.